Controllers for Marine Engineering Systems Essay - 1

Controllers for maritime Engineering Systems - Essay ExampleTime was calculated with that device by correct the water level in a vessel and ascertaining the quantum of its flow out of it. (Australian Maritime College, department of ocean time engineering lecture notes on instrumentation and process control. (http//academic.amc.edu.au/hnguyen/IPC/IPC01-06.pdf, viewed on twenty-third August , 2007) instruction of instrumentation and control constitutions were very slowly till the Second World War. It progressed and accele prised with tremendous urge on after the war. Initial progress was in wizard loop control systems. These contain a single feedback channel and this technology was elaborated since then for acquiring multi-loop systemsIn recent years marine vehicles argon designed in swift progression. There are unmanned subaqueous vehicles, surface ships and high-speed crafts with co-ordinated bridges. These marine vehicles and their engines are controlled with the aid of com puter science.But designing and producing a computer-based automatic control system were challenging in marine control engineering till recently. Several types of control are utilize now. They are control applications in marine and offshore systems like CAMS (Control Applications in Marine Systems) and MCMC (Maneuvering and Control of Marine Crafts), maneuvering, control and ship positioning systems, robust and reliable control systems, optimization methods in marine systems and modeling, underwater vehicles and robotics, offshore systems, traffic guidance and control systems, fault tolerant control, detection and isolation in marine systems, engine and machinery control systems, machinery surveillance, condition monitoring and quality control systems, networking and IT for marine control. (http//academic.amc.edu.au/hnguyen/IPC/IPC01-06.pdf,page 1, viewed on 23rd August 2007).The history of automatic process control reveals that the PID controller heralded all the mechanic devices used in the marine engineering. Earlier these mechanical controllers used a lever, spring and a mass. vapid air activated the system and 2such pneumatic controllers were treated as the industry standard. times have changed then and likewise the techniques.Proportional Integral Derivative, abbreviated to PID controller is a generic control loop feedback mechanism. It is extensively applied in industrial control systems. This controller rectifies errors occurred between a measured process variable and a set-point by calculating and outputting corrective action which could adjust the process. (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PID_controller, viewed on 23rd August, 2007).The calculation is based on three elements viz., the Proportional, the Integral and Derivative values. The first one considers the response to the present error, while the second regulates the reaction on the sum of recent errors and the third determines the reaction to the rate of error change. The sum of these three is taken as output to a control element. By adjusting the proportional, the intact and the derivative values, the PID can give control action for specific requirements.