A 12th Century Renaissance Essay - 1883 Words

Renaissance is defined as the activity, spirit, or time of great revival of art, literature, and learning. Was there a twelfth-century renaissance? This is a question that still beckons an answer, and is often a topic of debate among modern historians. By definition, one can break it down: Was there a spirit of revival of a classical theme regarding the subjects mentioned above? Surely there was, and with author R.N. Swansons The Twelfth-century Renaissance as a guide, we can investigate just what that revival involved, broken into the subjects of interest. It is often hard to disassociate the word renaissance from the 14th-17th centuries, and names like Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo often spring to mind. However, we shouldnt†¦show more content†¦A pattern seems to be emerging in time with the twelfth century and ideas still proposed today. This stems from the 12th century trend of the revival of Roman law. An example of our modern day legal system can be found from thi s time: Growing procedural complexity and formalityÂ…encouraged the emergence of legal specialists, as judges, and as lawyers employable for their knowledge. Greater emphasis on record keeping, on precedent and rules, also aided the transition (Swanson 80). This is indicative of the world of modern law, stemming from the renaissance of the twelfth century and its revival of Roman traditions. With law comes politics, and By 1200, although politics were still primarily about lordship, ideological and theoretical interpretations and approaches were becoming increasingly influential (Swanson 82). The evolution of political thought and the processes of the actual installed governments of the time mainly stemmed from the new practice of record keeping. Financial records, administrative records, and law came to the forefront with the change from memory to written record. This also coincided with the change to a cash economy, perhaps the change that broke the flood gates on keeping written records in the first place, and revolutionary in its own right. Greatest of all the governmental changes was the slow shift to monarchism, as the expansion and multiplication of administrations allowed the hierarchies of rule to become more formalShow MoreRelatedThe Renaissance Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance Renaissance is the period of European history that saw a renewed interest in the arts. The Renaissance began in 14th-century Italy and spread to the rest of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. 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Christian Humanism â€Å"emphasized human dignity, beauty, and potential, and reacted against the religious authoritarianism of the Catholic Church† by using â€Å"the principles of classical learning to focus on biblical

Night Creature Hunter’s Moon Chapter 37 Free Essays

Edward’s gun was pressed to Damien’s head the next instant. â€Å"No!† I shouted, tugging at the ropes. â€Å"Edward, you promised me you’d take care of him. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 37 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Edward frowned, confused. â€Å"I am taking care of him.† â€Å"You know I didn’t mean for you to kill him.† â€Å"I do?† The room was suddenly pandemonium, everyone talking at once. In the midst of everything, Damien’s eyes met mine. I saw no one but him. He’d revealed himself for me. Knowing Edward, he would die for it. â€Å"Silence,† Elise snapped. Amazingly, everyone complied. â€Å"I don’t need the blood of a live werewolf in human form right now.† She lifted her hand out of the bag. Her fingers held a full syringe. â€Å"I already have it.† â€Å"Oops,† Damien murmured. â€Å"Yes.† Edward shoved the gun into Damien’s ear. â€Å"Oops.† â€Å"Take it outside,† Elise ordered. â€Å"No.† I struggled, again to no avail. â€Å"Don’t hurt him. He’s not what you think.† â€Å"Not the fanged and furry?† Jessie asked. â€Å"What exactly does werewolf mean, Leigh?† â€Å"He’s different.† â€Å"That is what they all say,† Edward murmured. â€Å"Why don’t you tell us what you’re talking about?† This was Will, a voice of reason always. Despite his Forrest Gump manner, he was starting to grow on me. â€Å"The brown wolf,† I blurted. â€Å"The one that was killing the others but not eating them.† â€Å"You?† Jessie asked Damien. He tried to nod, but it was a little hard with a gun in his ear. â€Å"Him,† I confirmed. â€Å"He’s been helping us.† â€Å"No, he’s been helping Hector.† Jessie drew her weapon. â€Å"He didn’t know about the legend.† Jessie rolled her eyes. â€Å"Are you that naive?† My body stiffened as if I’d been hit with a cattle prod. Every muscle, every joint, tightened in agony. My eyes bugged. I saw the moon, felt its sheen on my skin like a caress. Then it was gone, and I lay there panting, aching, bleeding, but there was no blood. â€Å"I’d like to inject this before the first change,† Elise said. â€Å"Upsetting her is only making that happen more quickly. Perhaps we could let him live until I’m done here?† â€Å"Fine, whatever.† Jessie put up her gun. â€Å"Edward?† Elise murmured. Edward’s gaze flicked toward her, then away. â€Å"I will not shoot him. Unless he makes me. But I will not put away my weapon.† He removed the gun from Damien’s ear – barely. With Edward, that was the best I could hope for. The fit, or whatever it had been, passed. I was covered with sweat. My skin seemed too small, the hair on my arms too big. My scalp tingled, as did the base of my spine. Hell, I was probably sprouting a tail. â€Å"Get on with it,† I ordered. Elise stuck me. Frowning, she depressed the syringe and shot every last drop into my vein. She pulled the needle out, pressed a cotton pad to the prick, lifted it, scowled. â€Å"No blood,† she murmured. â€Å"The wound healed already.† â€Å"Is that good or bad?† â€Å"I have no idea.† Oh, yeah, I was the guinea pig. I waited for†¦ something. What I got was nothing at all. Everyone stared at me. I stared back. We waited for what seemed like forever but was probably only an hour. â€Å"How do you feel, Leigh?† Elise asked for the fifth time. â€Å"Fine,† I repeated. â€Å"Any strange visions, odd pains?† â€Å"Not anymore.† â€Å"I’ll stay with her,† she said. â€Å"No,† Edward stated, gun still pointed at Damien. â€Å"If she hasn’t changed by morning, the serum works. There’s no reason for all of us to stay here. Don’t you have something to do?† Edward glanced at Damien. â€Å"Why, yes, I do.† â€Å"No!† I said. â€Å"If the serum works, we can use it on him.† Damien blinked. His eyes met mine; something flickered in the gray-green depths. I think it was hope. â€Å"She’s right,† Elise murmured. Edward scowled, but he lowered his gun. â€Å"Do not make me come after you. You will not like what happens then.† â€Å"I’m not leaving Leigh. Ever.† â€Å"If the serum does not work, I will kill you.† â€Å"If the serum doesn’t work, I’ll let you.† The world receded, but at least I didn’t smell the forest, hear the trees, feel the wind. I didn’t taste blood; I didn’t even want to. I had to sleep. But before I did, just in case I never woke up, I wanted one last kiss. â€Å"Damien,† I whispered. He knelt by the bed. His fingertips brushed my hand. I turned my face, and his mouth was there. How had he known what I wanted without my saying a word? The kiss was gentle, sweet, everything I could ask for in a final embrace. His tongue tasted of mint – fresh and clean, new. He nibbled my lower lip, rubbed his thumb along my cheekbone. â€Å"Reverse Sleeping Beauty complex,† Jessie muttered. â€Å"His kiss puts her to sleep.† I fell into the satin darkness with a smile on my face as his breath mingled with mine. There was a tunnel or maybe a cave. Dark, not a flicker of light to stay away from – or perhaps run to. But the darkness was peaceful. There was no one there but me. No Jimmy, no family, but the best part †¦ no Hector. I went down that tunnel gladly and fell off the edge of the world. The next instant, or so it seemed, I jerked awake. I was alone, and the gray light of dawn shivered on the horizon. I looked down. I was still me. No fangs, no fur. It was a good day. A soft footfall drew my attention to the door. Damien stood in the entryway, barefoot, tousled, his chin shadowed, skin pale. For an instant I wondered what had happened to the good doctor; then I realized I didn’t care. Damien was here. He was the only one I wanted to see right now. â€Å"Did you sleep?† I asked. â€Å"Of course not.† â€Å"Wanna come to bed?† His eyes widened. His mouth opened, then shut. He shrugged. â€Å"Untie me.† â€Å"Leigh – † he began. â€Å"Do it, Damien. I won’t bite.† I let a slow smile spread across my face. â€Å"Unless you want me to.† He crossed the room, stood over the bed, staring down at me. Suddenly I was embarrassed. Wanting him at a time like this – what was the matter with me? â€Å"You don’t have to untie me,† I muttered. â€Å"Maybe you shouldn’t.† â€Å"We can’t – â€Å" â€Å"We can. I think we’ve proved that quite a few times.† â€Å"But we’ve never†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He was having a helluva time articulating this morning. â€Å"Are you trying to say that we’ve never been together when I knew what you were and I knew that you knew what I was?† He gave a half-laugh. â€Å"Something like that.† â€Å"Why do you think I want us to be together now?† He lifted his eyes. There was that hope again. â€Å"Why?† he whispered. I’d awoken this morning a human being. No tail, no snout, no savage bloodlust. Maybe, one day, Damien would, too. And if he could, then we might have a future. All I had to do was kill the demon who wanted to mate with me beneath the full moon. My life – what can I say? – it wasn’t for sissies. â€Å"Why?† I repeated. â€Å"Because I love you.† I hadn’t planned to say that. What if I had to shoot him? But what if he died – what if I did – before I told him the truth? At least Jimmy had known how I felt and he’d died without discovering how I’d betrayed him. I pushed away the thought. I needed to let the past go and focus on the future. I’d been close to death and worse last night. Every day from now on was a gift. Dwelling on what I’d done, punishing myself with it, was getting me nowhere. I needed to live or get out of the game. With Damien in my life, I knew which one I would choose. He knelt by the bed. His clever fingers released the knots. My hands went around his neck and pulled him close. â€Å"Tell me again,† he demanded. â€Å"I love you.† Our lips met and I forgot everything but him. There was no one, nothing, else. No werewolves, no demons, no power eaters. Just Damien and me – until Edward walked in. I had my tongue down Damien’s throat; he had his hand up my shirt. A gasp from the doorway made us freeze. I glanced past Damien’s shoulder and met the shocked eyes of the man who’d saved, then given me back, my life. â€Å"You have lost your mind.† Damien yanked his hand out of my shirt and tried to pull away. I held on, kissed his cheek, smoothed his hair, then let him go. â€Å"Maybe.† Standing, I crossed the room and stopped right in front of Edward. â€Å"But it’s my mind.† â€Å"I see now why you didn’t want him dead.† He shook his head. â€Å"I thought better of you, Leigh.† I frowned. â€Å"What’s that supposed to mean?† â€Å"Werewolves are†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He seemed to struggle for the words. â€Å"Accomplished at the physical.† â€Å"Is that your way of saying they’re great in the sack?† He winced. â€Å"If you must. They are carnal creatures. Their senses are heightened. They have lived long enough to learn many things.† I glanced at Damien. He shrugged. What could he say? He knew how to make me scream. Let’s shoot him. â€Å"I should have warned you of their allure. But I thought after Hector you would understand.† â€Å"Leave Hector out of this. They’re nothing alike.† â€Å"No? Did they not both seduce you while in human form? Hector killed everyone you ever loved in order to have you. How do you know this animal will not do the same?† â€Å"Because he won’t.† The excuse sounded lame, even to my own ears. Edward actually laughed in my face. â€Å"If you needed a boyfriend, why not pick one with the same interests as you?† â€Å"I did. He’s been killing werewolves for months.† â€Å"So he says.† â€Å"So I’ve seen. Tell him, Damien. Tell him what you told me about the magic woman in Arkansas.† Edward stopped laughing. His faded blue eyes sharpened. â€Å"What is this?† Quickly Damien told him his story. I give Edward credit: he listened. He no longer laughed, so I pressed the advantage. â€Å"He was with you last night. Did he kill anyone?† The two of them exchanged glances. â€Å"What?† I demanded. Edward cleared his throat. â€Å"You’ve been asleep longer than one night.† â€Å"How long?† â€Å"The hunter’s moon is tonight,† Damien told me. I let that sink in. Well, at least I wouldn’t have to wait around to find out if my life was over or just begun. I scowled at Edward. â€Å"That just makes my point stronger. What true werewolf could hold back from killing this close to a full moon?† â€Å"That is true,† Edward murmured. â€Å"I’d hoped he would lose his patience so I could – † He broke off. â€Å"No wonder you were so agreeable. You thought he’d be unable to resist all that tender meat. Then you could kill him.† Edward shrugged, unrepentant. â€Å"But he didn’t.† â€Å"No, he did not.† Edward stared at Damien as if he were a bug under a microscope. â€Å"Maybe what has happened to him could be of help to Elise.† â€Å"Maybe. If you don’t shoot him.† â€Å"Fine. He lives. For now. But please refrain from sucking face around me. It makes me ill.† â€Å"Sucking face?† Damien asked. â€Å"He hears things on television.† I shrugged. â€Å"He’s still lost in the forties.† â€Å"Me, too.† It hit me then that Edward and Damien were compatriots. They would be of an age if Damien hadn’t become a werewolf. Still, I doubted they’d embrace and become best friends – even if Elise’s serum was a success. â€Å"When will Elise test the cure on Damien?† I asked. â€Å"When she returns from the lab with more.† I frowned. â€Å"She’s gone?† â€Å"As soon as she knew you were all right, she left for Montana to make more serum and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He hesitated. â€Å"There are some other issues she must deal with at headquarters. She will return after the hunter’s moon.† Footsteps pounded outside. Jessie and Will spilled into the room. â€Å"We figured out how to get Hector,† Jessie said. Will’s glasses were crooked, his hair all mussed. It appeared that he and Jessie had been sucking face, too. â€Å"He doesn’t know about the serum.† The light dawned. â€Å"He thinks I’ll change. He’ll be coming after me.† â€Å"No, Leigh,† Damien said. â€Å"He’s dangerous.† My eyes met his. â€Å"He’ll be coming after you, too. You’re the sacrifice.† Our eyes met. We had to do this together if we wanted any kind of future. Damien took my hand. He’d be right next to me tonight. Suddenly I felt as if I could accomplish anything. I doubted the feeling would last. You’d think we’d have all sorts of preparations to make, but since we were basically going to let Hector get away with it, our business was to wait. Not my strong suit. â€Å"You cannot go out and about today, Leigh,† Edward warned. â€Å"Hector could be anywhere. He could be anyone.† â€Å"I thought we wanted him to snatch me.† â€Å"We do not want him to know you have been cured. What would you do if you had been bitten, then changed?† â€Å"Kill myself.† â€Å"Besides that?† Jessie asked. â€Å"How should I know?† Everyone glanced toward Damien, who shrugged. â€Å"You wouldn’t kill yourself, Leigh. Not once you’d changed. Then you’d be different. You’d no longer be like you; you’d be like him.† Swell. â€Å"What did you do? That first time?† â€Å"Went mad in the woods. Munched on Nazis. A few Allies, too. It was a werewolf buffet over there.† â€Å"The good old days,† Jessie muttered. I shot her a warning glare. Damien was trying to help us. She needed to let him. â€Å"He was in the war?† Edward glanced in my direction. Why he couldn’t just ask Damien the question I have no idea. Except he wasn’t used to conversing with werewolves – only killing them. â€Å"He was bitten after the invasion,† I explained. â€Å"He was a soldier.† â€Å"Bitten by one of Mengele’s wolves.† â€Å"Looks that way.† Edward sighed. He still felt guilty that he’d been unable to prevent the release of the monsters in the Black Forest. He’d dedicated his life to righting what he considered his greatest wrong. I returned my attention to Damien. â€Å"What did you do in the days after you’d shifted the first time?† â€Å"Slept. The physical changes take some getting used to.† â€Å"Sleeping sounds good.† Even though I’d slept most of the night, I was exhausted. â€Å"Then you will sleep,† Edward ordered. â€Å"The rest of us will watch.† â€Å"Like hell.† â€Å"I didn’t mean watch you sleep. I meant watch this place.† â€Å"You don’t think Hector will be watching us, too? Or one of his wolf boys?† â€Å"I know how to watch a residence, Leigh. I am not completely senile. Yet.† I had a thought – one I should have had before, but I’d been a little busy. â€Å"Did Cora have any fascinating ideas on how to kill Hector?† Jessie and Will shook their heads. â€Å"Nothing more than what she told us the first time.† â€Å"Terrific.† â€Å"I have an idea,† Will said. â€Å"I’m glad someone does.† â€Å"Often doing the opposite of a ritual will reverse the outcome.† â€Å"English, Slick.† He blinked and adjusted his glasses. â€Å"I thought that was.† â€Å"Do you have any idea what he was talking about?† Jessie asked. I shrugged. â€Å"If the ritual is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Was he blushing? I kind of thought so. â€Å"The ritual is doing me under the hunter’s moon in front of all the other wolves.† â€Å"Right. So not doing you will keep him from becoming all-powerful.† â€Å"That works well for me. But how do we kill the son of a bitch?† â€Å"He became a Weendigo by killing, then eating the flesh of his enemy. Reverse it.† I thought about what he’d said. â€Å"His enemy kills, then eats him?† â€Å"Can’t hurt.† Yes, it could. Because Hector’s enemy was me. How to cite Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 37, Essay examples

First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt and Barbara Bush free essay sample

An in-depth comparison of the lives of former First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt and Barbara Bush. This paper closely examines former First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt and Barbara Bush. The similar backgrounds and passions of these two women are revealed through this in-depth comparison. Eleanor Roosevelt and Barbara Bush were two extraordinary former first ladies who helped to shape todays American society. Both of these women played active roles while they were First Ladies of the United States. Although these two women lived in different time periods and concentrated their abilities in different areas, both were influential in their own unique ways. A liberal Democrat, Eleanor Roosevelt was very active during her years in the political spotlight. While in the White House, Eleanor Roosevelt had many issues that were important to her, including concern for young people, the poor, the unemployed, and racial equality. She was also involved in the womens movement. We will write a custom essay sample on First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt and Barbara Bush or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After her years in the White House, Eleanor Roosevelt dedicated her time to humanitarian causes. A Republican, Barbara Bush was also active during her years in the political spotlight. Barbara Bush devoted her time to issues such as literacy and volunteerism. Before and during their times in the White House, these two women had many similarities as well as many differences, both lifestyle-wise and political-wise. Both were profoundly unique women who used their talents to take them far.

Pulleys, forces and the principle of moments Essay Example

Pulleys, forces and the principle of moments Paper A Push or Pull which can vary in magnitude or direction on an object is called Force. The direction of force is the direction of push or pull. If the push and pull are on opposite directions, they act simultaneously, in other words the one with the greater push gives the direction of force. The standard unit for force in International system is Newton (N). Altogether there are five types of forces which are given below with their definitions mentioned- 1. Muscular Force- The force exerted by the muscles is known as Muscular force. 2. Gravitational Force- When an object is thrown in the air, it automatically comes down. This is because the Earth attracts every object or body towards it with a force called the force of Gravitation. 3. Magnetic Force- The force exerted by a magnet is called Magnetic force. For e. g. If I bring a magnet near some pins, they will all get pulled towards the magnet. It therefore, implies that the magnet has exerted some force on the pins. 4. Electrostatic Force- The force exerted by electrostatic charge is called Electrostatic force. This type of force can be repulsive or attractive. For e. g. Rub a comb with a dry cloth and bring it near small pieces of paper. We will write a custom essay sample on Pulleys, forces and the principle of moments specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pulleys, forces and the principle of moments specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pulleys, forces and the principle of moments specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We would be astonished to discover that the pieces of paper are pulled towards the comb. This attraction is due to electrostatic force. 5. Frictional Force- The force which opposes the motion of a body moving on a surface is called Frictional force. This type of a force acts between the two surfaces in contact. For e. g. Roll a ball on a smooth polished surface, next on a rough floor. We will be surprised to discover that, on the smooth surface, it travels over a long distance before coming to rest as compared to the distance it travels on a rough surface. Weight and Mass- The gravitational pull of the Earth on a body is called its weight. Weight of a body can be measured by a device called Spring Balance. It is measured in Newtons. Quantity of matter contained in body is called its Mass. It is measured by a physical balance and its units are Kilograms. Machines A machine is a device which helps us to apply force easily and make our work easier and convenient. A wide variety of machines are extensively used at home, in school, factories and in other activities in life. Some of the common used simple machines are: Tongs, Knife, Screw driver, Nut cracker, Tweezer, Pliers, Scissors and pulleys. There are some complex machines too such as: Bicycle, Sewing machine and Tractors. Machines Enable us to Apply Force at a Convenient Point While using a pair of scissors, we use force at the end of the blades whereas the cloth is cut in between the sharp edges of the blades. When we are pushing a screw inside a block of wood, we are using a screw driver, the force is therefore being applied to the handle of the screw driver, but it acts on the head of the screw and moves its sharp tip inside. Machines Enable us to Change the Direction of Force While drawing water out from a well, he rope is passed over a pulley. The rope is pulled downwards whereas the bucket of water is pulled upwards. Pushing the rope downward is more convenient as compared to moving it up. So the use of machines enables us to change the direction of force. Lever: Lever is a rod which moves freely about a pivot. A crowbar is a perfect example. Fulcrum: It is a pivot abut which a rod or a system mover freely. Load: The weight of an object required to be lifted is called the Load. Effort: The force applied on an object is called effort. There are three types of levers depending upon the relative positions: First Type: The first type of lever involves the fulcrum in between the effort and the load. Second Type: In this second type of lever the load is in between the fulcrum and the effort. Wheelbarrow is a lever in which the load is in between the fulcrum and the effort. Third Type: In this third type of lever, the effort lies in between the fulcrum and the load. Tongs and fishing rods are examples of this category. Law of Moments: Clockwise = Anti- Clockwise Formula: Force X Distance Pulley A pulley consists of a wheel that turns freely about an axle passing through its centre. It is designed in such a manner that its periphery (Outer part) has a groove over which passes a rope or a chain. Pulling or releasing the rope turns the wheel. The pulley enables us to change the direction of force. Equipment   Meters Rule. Newton Meters.   Block of wood used for balancing.   Pen to record the results. Method   Firstly, I had gathered all the equipment and had set up the experiment. As I was accomplishing the experiment alone, it took me a while to conduct the experiment.   Secondly, I had started to conduct the experiment by placing the weights on both the sides so they can balance. As I had conducted the experiment before I achieved the desired results.   Thirdly and lastly after accomplishing the experiment I had put all the equipment back to their original places and copied down the results in a table format which are mentioned in the results column. Prediction I predict that as the distance decreases, the force required increases. I also predict that as the object moves away from the pivot, the effort required in less. Fair Test There was only one issue for the fair testing which is, mentioned below-   I had used the same Newton meter same time as it might not have the same spring inside which would have lead me inaccurate results. Safety While I was conducting the experiment there werent much safety issued to be observed but some of the safety issues are mentioned below-   I was careful, while handling with the weights as if they would have fallen on someones foot it could have been injurious. While carrying out the experiment, there were many people doing important work, I was careful not to cause noise pollution.   Lastly, I was careful while handling with the ruler as it was delicate piece of equipment. Results ANTI CLOCKWISE MOMENTS CLOCKWISE MOMENTS Distance (M) Force (N) Moment (NM) Distance (M) Force (N) Moment (NM) 4Nms Conclusion My results agree with my prediction and all the columns in the results table are balanced. In other words: ANTI- CLOCKWISE = CLOCKWISE Evaluation I believe that I have been successful in accomplishing the experiment as I achieved the results which I had desired. I also believe that I have achieved my goals which were to obtain perfect results. Even though I was successful in obtaining perfect results, I had encountered some problems which are mentioned below- 1. The first problem I had encountered was, while I was trying to balance the weights on the meter rule, I had kept on changing the positions of the weights from left to right as it would not balance both the ends even though my calculations were correct. 2. Secondly, I think there was some problem on the meter rule as the as the weights would not balance perfectly. 3. Lastly, I think there was some with the block of wood which was used to balance the meter rule. I think the plank of wood was defected i. e. chipped off. Some Simple Machines.